Words Arabic Took In
pontikon (karyon)
البُنْدُق
bunduq
Bunduq, 'hazelnut': Ibn Durayd called it Persian. The editor F. Abdurrahim adds that Persian bunduq and funduq came from Greek pontikon karyon, 'the Pontic nut', after Pontus on the Black Sea coast. Its name is a place-name. In Arabic it also means a small pellet for shooting.
- Came
- From Greek
- Original meaning
- (nut) of Pontus, on the Black Sea
- Meaning in Arabic
- the hazelnut; a small pellet for shooting
«البُندق: الذي يُرمى به… والبُندق أيضًا الجِلَّوز، عن ابن دريد، فارسيّ.»
It then went on from Arabic into European languages.
Al-Jawaliqi himself wrote: 'the fruit called bunduq is not Arabic either'. His editor F. Abdurrahim (al-Mu'arrab, p. 175): 'It is Persian, as the author of al-Qamus says; in modern Persian bunduq and funduq… a loanword in Persian from Greek.'
It returned to Europe: Wadghiri (al-'Arabiyyat al-Mughtaribat 1/294) dates French bonduc to 1751, also corrupted to bundurh, its source Arabised Persian or Indian, or Greek. Turkey, home of ancient Pontus, is today the world's largest producer of hazelnuts.
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Sources
- الزبيديّ، تاج العروس ٢٥/١٠٠
- ابن منظور، لسان العرب ١٠/٣٧ (جلهق): الجُلاهق البُندق
- الجواليقيّ، المعرّب، تحقيق ف. عبد الرحيم، ص١٧٥
- عبد العلي الودغيري، العربيّات المغتربات ١/٢٩٤
- Wikipedia: Hazelnut (Turkey, FAOSTAT 2023)
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